हरि सर्वोत्तम । वायु जीवोत्तम । श्री गुरुभ्यो नमः ।
अथ षोडशोऽध्यायः
दैवासुरसम्पद्विभागयोगः
श्रीभगवानुवाच
अभयं सत्त्वसंशुद्धिर्ज्ञानयोगव्यवस्थितिः ।
दानं दमश्च यज्ञश्च स्वाध्यायस्तप आर्जवम् ॥ १६।१ ॥
अहिंसा सत्यमक्रोधस्त्यागः शान्तिरपैशुनम् ।
दया भूतेष्वलोलुप्त्वं मार्दवं ह्रीरचापलम् ॥ १६।२ ॥
तेजः क्षमा धृतिः शौचमद्रोहो नातिमानिता ।
भवन्ति सम्पदं दैवीमभिजातस्य भारत ॥ १६।३ ॥
Śrī Bhagavān said –
Fearlessness, purity of mind, steadfastness in the pursuit of knowledge, charity to deserving persons, restraint of senses, sacrifices to gods and Pitṛs, study of Vedas, austerity, uprightness, harmlessness, truthfulness, absence of anger, generosity, unstained devotion to God, not carrying tales, compassion to living beings, aversion to sensous objects, absence of a revengeful spirit, shyness to do wrong acts, absence of fickleness, commanding spirit, forgiveness, fortitude, purity, absence of treachery, absence of egoism – These, O Bhārata, are the qualities of him who is born with the divine nature.
दम्भो दर्पोऽभिमानश्च क्रोधः पारुष्यमेव च ।
अज्ञानं चाभिजातस्य पार्थ सम्पदमासुरीम् ॥ १६।४ ॥
Ostentation, arrogance, conceit, wrath, harshness, and ignorance – these are the qualities of him who is born with demoniacal nature.
दैवी सम्पद्विमोक्षाय निबन्धायासुरी मता ।
मा शुचः सम्पदं दैवीमभिजातोऽसि पाण्डव ॥ १६।५ ॥
Divine nature is for salvation while demoniacal nature is for bondage. O Arjuna, grieve not, you are born with divine nature.
द्वौ भूतसर्गौ लोकेऽस्मिन्दैव आसुर एव च ।
दैवो विस्तरशः प्रोक्त आसुरं पार्थ मे शृणु ॥ १६।६ ॥
Arjuna, two-fold is the creation in this world – divine and demoniacal (Deva and Asura); the divine nature has been described at length. O Pārtha, hear now from Me the demoniacal.
प्रवृत्तिं च निवृत्तिं च जना न विदुरासुराः ।
न शौचं नापि चाचारो न सत्यं तेषु विद्यते ॥ १६।७ ॥
The demoniacal people know neither what to follow nor what to abstain from; in them there is no purity, no good conduct, no truth.
असत्यमप्रतिष्ठं ते जगदाहुरनीश्वरम् ।
अपरस्परसम्भूतं किमन्यत्कामहैतुकम् ॥ १६।८ ॥
They say that the Universe is unreal, without basis and Godless, nor brought about by things mutually related as cause and effect, but is different (neither real nor unreal) and is caused by Kāma or Avidyā.
एतां दृष्टिमवष्टभ्य नष्टात्मानोऽल्पबुद्धयः ।
प्रभवन्त्युग्रकर्माणः क्षयाय जगतोऽहिताः ॥ १६।९ ॥
Holding fast to this view, these men of lost souls with small understanding and of fierce deeds are born as enemies of the world for its destruction.
काममाश्रित्य दुष्पूरं दम्भमानमदान्विताः ।
मोहाद्गृहीत्वासद्ग्राहान्प्रवर्तन्तेऽशुचिव्रताः ॥ १६।१० ॥
Giving themselves up to insatiable desire, possessed with vanity, conceit, arrogance, and acquiring wrong views through delusion, they undertake heinous acts for the sake of paltry pleasures.
चिन्तामपरिमेयां च प्रलयान्तामुपाश्रिताः ।
कामोपभोगपरमा एतावदिति निश्चिताः ॥ १६।११ ॥
Getting themselves involved in innumerable cares till their death regarding the gratification of desires as the highest aim and assured that this is the summumbonum of their existence.
आशापाशशतैर्बद्धाः कामक्रोधपरायणाः ।
ईहन्ते कामभोगार्थमन्यायेनार्थसञ्चयान् ॥ १६।१२ ॥
Bound by hundreds of ties of expectations, given over to lust and anger, they desire to amass wealth by unjust means for sensual enjoyment.
इदमद्य मया लब्धमिमं प्राप्स्ये मनोरथम् ।
इदमस्तीदमपि मे भविष्यति पुनर्धनम् ॥ १६।१३ ॥
“Today I have gained this wealth and I shall attain this desire tomorrow; this wealth is mine already and this will also be mine.”
असौ मया हतः शत्रुर्हनिष्ये चापरानपि ।
ईश्वरोऽहमहं भोगी सिद्धोऽहं बलवान्सुखी ॥ १६।१४ ॥
“This foe has been slain by me and I shall slay others also; I am the Lord, I am the enjoyer, I have accomplished all purposes and I am powerful and happy.”
आढ्योऽभिजनवानस्मि कोऽन्योऽस्ति सदृशो मया ।
यक्ष्ये दास्यामि मोदिष्य इत्यज्ञानविमोहिताः ॥ १६।१५ ॥
“I am wealthy and born noble; who is there like unto me? I shall perform sacrifices and give alms, Dakśiṇās, I shall rejoice thus” – so they say deluded by ignorance.
अनेकचित्तविभ्रान्ता मोहजालसमावृताः ।
प्रसक्ताः कामभोगेषु पतन्ति नरकेऽशुचौ ॥ १६।१६ ॥
Bewildered by numerous thoughts entangled in the meshes of delusion and addicted to the gratification of sensuous pleasure, they fall down into the foulest hell.
आत्मसम्भाविताः स्तब्धा धनमानमदान्विताः ।
यजन्ते नामयज्ञैस्ते दम्भेनाविधिपूर्वकम् ॥ १६।१७ ॥
Self-conceited, stubborn, filled with pride and intoxicated with wealth, they perform sacrifices which are for mere ostentation and simulacra, not in accordance with spiritual ordinance.
अहङ्कारं बलं दर्पं कामं क्रोधं च संश्रिताः ।
मामात्मपरदेहेषु प्रद्विषन्तोऽभ्यसूयकाः ॥ १६।१८ ॥
Possessing egoism, power, insolence, and wrath, these malicious people hate Me seated in the bodies of themselves and others.
तानहं द्विषतः क्रूरान्संसारेषु नराधमान् ।
क्षिपाम्यजस्रमशुभानासुरीष्वेव योनिषु ॥ १६।१९ ॥
These cruel haters, worst of men, I repeatedly throw into Samsāra (cycles of birth and death) and into demoniacal wombs.
आसुरीं योनिमापन्ना मूढा जन्मनि जन्मनि ।
मामप्राप्यैव कौन्तेय ततो यान्त्यधमां गतिम् ॥ १६।२० ॥
Then, O Kunti’s son, cast into demoniacal wombs repeatedly birth after birth and never attaining Me, they fall into lowest depths (hell).
त्रिविधं नरकस्येदं द्वारं नाशनमात्मनः ।
कामः क्रोधस्तथा लोभस्तस्मादेतत्त्रयं त्यजेत् ॥ १६।२१ ॥
The gateway to this hell leading to the ruin of the soul is three-fold – lust, anger, and greed; therefore, one should abandon these three.
एतैर्विमुक्तः कौन्तेय तमोद्वारैस्त्रिभिर्नरः ।
आचरत्यात्मनः श्रेयस्ततो याति परां गतिम् ॥ १६।२२ ॥
O Kunti’s son, one who is free from these three, does what is good for his own soul (welfare) and also reaches the highest goal.
यः शास्त्रविधिमुत्सृज्य वर्तते कामकारतः ।
न स सिद्धिमवाप्नोति न सुखं न परां गतिम् ॥ १६।२३ ॥
But he, who discards the injunctions of the scriptures and acts according to the promptings of his desires does not attain either to perfection, happiness or the highest goal.
तस्माच्छास्त्रं प्रमाणं ते कार्याकार्यव्यवस्थितौ ।
ज्ञात्वा शास्त्रविधानोक्तं कर्म कर्तुमिहार्हसि ॥ १६।२४ ॥
Therefore, let scriptures be your authority (guide) in determining to be done and what ought not to be. Understanding what has been laid down by the scriptures, you are quite fit to do your duty in this world.
ॐ तत्सदिति श्रीमद्भगवद्गीतासूपनिषत्सु
ब्रह्मविद्यायां योगशास्त्रे श्रीकृष्णार्जुनसंवादे
दैवासुरसम्पद्विभागयोगो नाम षोडशोऽध्यायः ॥ १६॥
Thus ends the Sixteenth Chapter of the Upaniśads of the Bhagavad Gīta entitled “Daivāsurasampad Vibhāga Yoga”, the Yoga of Division between Divine and Demoniacal properties.
Reference: Srimad Bhagavad Gita pocket book published by Suguna Samsath with English translation by Shri Bannanje Govindacharya (Received with blessings from HH Shri Shri Sugunendra Tirtha Swamiji of Puttige Matha in Austin, TX, Nov 1997)
Transliterated by Krishna Rao Vijayanagar and Raghunath Rao
“Do your Best … and leave the Rest … “
॥ सर्वं श्री कृष्णार्पणं अस्तु ॥